_CSRV System Advantages
The Coates Spherical Rotary Valve System (CSRV) replaces the traditional Poppet Valves and all their associated parts, springs, guides, seats, retainers, cotters, pushrods, cam followers, camshaft, camshaft bearings, and many more parts including the oil.
The constant rotation of the CSRV, rotate away from the extreme heat of the combustion chamber, eliminating the possibility of hot spots in the combustion chamber; thus allowing for higher compression chamber ratios to be incorporated in the design of a combustion engine. This results in a higher thermal efficient engine and a more complete combustion that will utilize all of the energy contained in the fuel; also reducing harmful emissions.
High Compression Ratios In the 1950 and 1960s combustion engines utilized compression ratios of 12 to 1. and higher, producing higher horsepower (H.P.), more torque (TQ) and a higher (thermal efficient engine) Engine efficiency was at approximately 35%. Governments around the world found that tetraethyl lead was the lead component in the gasoline at that time. The findings were that this lead component in the fuel was extremely hazardous to human health and the world’s environment; it was then removed from the fuel. This caused the high compression automobile engines to develop hot spots in the combustion chamber and the hot spot was found to be the exhaust poppet valve. It was getting red hot, causing pre-ignition and damage to the engines. The only remedy for this was to lower the compression ratio of all engines; this resulted in a lowering of thermal efficiency from an engine having 35% efficiency to 22 to 24% efficiency. This included the less dense fuel with the lead removed. This means for every dollar worth of fuel you put into your vehicle, you only get 22 to 24 cents of drivability, and the other 76 to 78 cents are lost through heat friction and pumping losses. We extract out of the earth approximately 86,000,000 barrels of oil daily, 62,000,000 barrels of this oil is lost just keeping our engines running. The other 24,000,000 barrels make possible our actual driving motion, and at the same time, creating insurmountable amounts of other harmful pollutions to be pumped into our atmosphere. These are the reasons that compelled founder, George Coates to develop the CSRV Combustion Engine. The CSRV Engine utilizes much higher compression ratios, and has no hot spots and has a much greater volumetric efficiency; creating a higher thermal efficient combustion engine in the 35 – 40%, and possibly higher. With the ability to utilize alternative fuels, these possibilities open up new opportunities to reduce the world’s consumption of oil-fossil fuels, and reduce the production of harmful emissions that are pumped out into our atmosphere every day, and if implemented will reduce the United States’ dependency on imported foreign oil. Rethinking the Internal Combustion Engine The Coates Spherical Rotary Valve Engine is the most advanced in the world. A conventional piston engine ignites the fuel and air mixture in the combustion cycle and evacuates the gas by-products in the exhaust cycle. These cycles occur thousands of times per minute per cylinder. Through the rotation of the camshaft, a spring-loaded poppet valve opens to enable the fuel and air mixture to enter the firing chamber during the induction stroke. The camshaft then closes the intake valve during the compression and combustion stroke of the cylinder and opens a second spring-loaded valve to vent the cylinder after ignition. These gases then enter the exhaust manifold. The parts required for this conventional spring-loaded valve assembly include items such as springs, cotters, guides, rockers, shafts and the valves themselves. The valve operates in a vertical position in the cylinder head such that a downward movement opens the valve and allows the introduction or evacuation of gas from the chamber. The weakest link in the conventional engine has been the limited effectiveness of the poppet valve. The Coates engine replaces the poppet valve with a spherical rotary valve, thereby creating more efficient and powerful combustion and compression stokes. The spherical rotary valve system is made up of spheres rotating on a shaft sandwiched between a split head. These spheres are either chain or belt driven via the crankshaft, much like an overhead camshaft. Each sphere rotates against a matching seal between it and the piston, one for intake and one for exhaust. The spheres have cavities and ports machined into them for the induction of fuel and air on the intake stroke, and the evacuation of fired gases on the exhaust stroke. This design performs exactly the same function as poppet valves, but the design eliminates the poppet valves, valve springs, guides, camshaft, pushrods, rocker arms and other smaller parts. The Coates engine operates with over 100 fewer parts than convention engines. In addition, the spherical rotary valve combustion engine utilizes a proprietary seal at the intake and exhaust ports of the cylinder to prevent pressure leakage. This two-piece seal contacts the peripheral surface of the rotary valve and utilizes the compression and expansion of the fuel and air mixture to create a gas-tight seal with the valves. The lubrication of the rotary valve assembly is accomplished by bronze shaft bearings. CSRV Advantages The spherical rotary valve combustion engine possesses several significant advantages over the conventional poppet valve assembly. The benefits include the following:
Comparative Analysis Emissions tests conducted by an independent EPA-Compliant laboratory in USA have confirmed the superiority of Coates International CSRV engines in producing significantly lower pollutant. The following chart presents the emission results as reported by an independent laboratory which tested two vehicles, one running with stock engine and the second with stock engine retrofitted with Coates CSRV system. Both vehicles were tested in steady state with the following parameters:
Each vehicle was tested under various RPM and MPH scenarios and the above data represent the best results from the multiple test runs.
Engine Dynamics The average poppet valve opens a maximum of approximately 8 millimeters, restricting air flow. In addition, valves in high compression engines cannot open before top dead center. If they do, they will make contact with the piston and engine destruction occurs. The Coates Spherical Rotary Valve System can open before top dead center and, in fact, can open at any desired point. This flexibility in breathing ports far exceeds the four poppet valve per cylinder combustion engine and allows the engine to run more effectively. Poppet valve engines almost always exceed a temperature of 2,500 degrees F which in turn, at such high temperatures, produce oxides of nitrogen which are visible as "smog" over cities such as Los Angeles, etc. The inlet poppet valve stems induct oil through the induction valve guides. On the exhaust stroke the poppet exhaust valve stems allow "back" pressure through the valve guides into the engine casing. This pressure is then redirected through the fuel induction system and in turn is reburned in the engine creating yet more hydrocarbons, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide. Back pressure and oil burning in combustion engines equipped with the Coates valve system are substantially reduced, principally because the Coates system requires no oil lubricants. The oil-free environment is possible because the shaft bearings in the system are made of materials which require no lubrication. The end result is a significant reduction in hydrocarbon, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide emission pollutants. |